Should Vulvar Varicose Veins Common in Pregnancy Be Treated? Don’t Overlook Varicose Veins in the Intimate Area

Vulvar varicose veins may not be simply a matter of “superficial leg veins”—varicose veins in the intimate area should not be overlooked. When treating women with leg varicose veins in the clinic, patients usually only point out the veins on their legs that concern them and the related symptoms, such as calf tightness or cramps.

With the application of non-contrast whole-vein magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by Dr. Yao-Kuang Huang and Dr. Chien-Wei Chen in the evaluation of these patients, a significant proportion were found to also have vulvar varicose veins and pelvic congestion syndrome. Upon further inquiry, these female patients often have additional symptoms, although they may not mention them proactively.

What Are Vulvar Varicose Veins?

Vulvar varicose veins, also known as vaginal varicose veins or private area varicose veins, occur when the veins around a woman's genital area swell and become twisted and discolored due to prolonged pressure or other factors.

While they don't typically lead to serious health issues, vulvar varicose veins are a symptom of pelvic congestion, a condition that often causes a variety of uncomfortable and distressing symptoms for patients.

Symptoms of Vulvar Varicose Veins

1. Pain and Discomfort

Vulvar varicose veins can cause pain and discomfort, especially when standing, walking, sitting, or during sexual intercourse. Patients may experience a feeling of pressure, burning, or a stinging sensation around the genital area.

This pain is not limited to the time of sexual activity; it can persist for one or two hours afterward. This type of chronic vascular pain is often overlooked and can appear alongside other gynecological conditions like endometriosis or endometrial hyperplasia.

2. Swelling

Varicose veins can cause the surrounding tissue to swell, making the vulva appear larger and more swollen. Standing or lifting heavy objects can increase this discomfort and cause a painful, swollen feeling in the private area.

3. Bleeding

In rare cases, vulvar varicose veins can cause bleeding or worsen menstrual bleeding (as the veins near the uterus are also in a constant state of congestion). If the varicose veins are rubbed or scratched, they may rupture and cause bleeding.

4. Skin Discoloration

The skin around the vulvar varicose veins may develop dark red or brownish patches. This is caused by blood leaking from the veins into the surrounding tissues, resulting in damage.

Why Are Pregnant Women Prone to Varicose Veins?

Due to hormonal changes, an enlarging uterus, and weight gain during pregnancy, women are prone to developing Varicose Veins in their legs. Many pregnant women also find that they develop varicose veins in their private areas as well.

Many people also ask, “Will varicose veins during pregnancy improve?” In most cases, vulvar varicose veins tend to improve after delivery. However, new mothers should still be aware that they have a higher risk of developing Pelvic congestion syndrome compared to other women.

What Can Be Done About Varicose Veins in the Intimate Area?

If you have vulvar varicose veins, the first step is to consult with a gynecologist to rule out common issues like tumors or endocrine problems. If a clear diagnosis isn't found, or if associated lower abdominal or vulvar pain isn't effectively relieved, you can seek a consultation with Dr. Huang's team in the Division of Cardiovascular Surgery at Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. They use a non-toxic magnetic resonance venography to thoroughly investigate and pinpoint the root cause.

Here’s How You Can Prevent Varicose Veins

During pregnancy, women should take precautions to prevent vulvar varicose veins, such as wearing loose-fitting underwear and pants, elevating the legs to improve blood circulation, avoiding prolonged sitting or standing, and walking around every 1–2 hours to promote circulation.

Varicose veins in the intimate area are uncommon. If left untreated, they may lead to serious complications such as lower abdominal pain, back pain, or vulvar discomfort. For patients with severe varicose veins, it is important to seek medical attention promptly and follow the doctor’s treatment recommendations.